TY - JOUR

T1 - Differentiating infection from vaccination in foot-and-mouth disease using a panel of recombinant, non-structural proteins in ELISA

AU - Mackay, D. K.J.

AU - Forsyth, M. A.

AU - Davies, P. R.

AU - Berlinzani, A.

AU - Belsham, G. J.

AU - Flint, M.

AU - Ryan, M. D.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors are very grateful to Dr E. Brocchi and Dr F. De Simone of the Istituto Zooprofilattico Speri- mentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia, Brescia for supply of sera, critical review of the manuscript and collaboration. We thank the Albanian Veterinary Service for assistance with the provision of sera. We acknowledge Dr J. Salt and Dr A. Donn for supply of sera and Mr R. Armstrong for assistance with assay development. The work described was funded in part by the UK MAFF and collaboration with partner laboratories in Europe was supported by the European Commission through Concerted Action CT93 0909.

PY - 1998/3

Y1 - 1998/3

N2 - A profiling ELISA was developed to detect antibody to the non-structural (NS) proteins Lb, 2C, 3A, 3D, and the polyprotein 3ABC, of foot-and-mouth disease vir us (FMDV). The assay was used to examine panels of sera from naive cattle, and from experimentally infected or vaccinated animals. All sera from cattle experimentally infected with any of the seven serotypes of FMDV were positive for antibody to 2C, 3A, 3D and 3ABC, and the majority were positive for Lb. The three categories of sera could be differentiated on the basis of the presence or absence of antibody to the structural and/or NS proteins of FMDV. The assay is simple, rapid and reproducible and can be used to identify previous infection in animals which are seropositive for antibody to the structural proteins of the virus. Validating the assay with field sera demonstrated that antibody to 3ABC, and usually one or more of the other non-structural proteins, was detected only in animals reported to have shown clinical signs of FMD. Vaccinated cattle which had received less than five vaccinations, were frequently positive for antibody to 3D but were negative for antibody to 3ABC. Occasional animals which had received more than ten vaccinations had NS protein antibody profiles which were similar to those seen following infection.

AB - A profiling ELISA was developed to detect antibody to the non-structural (NS) proteins Lb, 2C, 3A, 3D, and the polyprotein 3ABC, of foot-and-mouth disease vir us (FMDV). The assay was used to examine panels of sera from naive cattle, and from experimentally infected or vaccinated animals. All sera from cattle experimentally infected with any of the seven serotypes of FMDV were positive for antibody to 2C, 3A, 3D and 3ABC, and the majority were positive for Lb. The three categories of sera could be differentiated on the basis of the presence or absence of antibody to the structural and/or NS proteins of FMDV. The assay is simple, rapid and reproducible and can be used to identify previous infection in animals which are seropositive for antibody to the structural proteins of the virus. Validating the assay with field sera demonstrated that antibody to 3ABC, and usually one or more of the other non-structural proteins, was detected only in animals reported to have shown clinical signs of FMD. Vaccinated cattle which had received less than five vaccinations, were frequently positive for antibody to 3D but were negative for antibody to 3ABC. Occasional animals which had received more than ten vaccinations had NS protein antibody profiles which were similar to those seen following infection.

KW - Diagnosis

KW - ELISA

KW - FMD

KW - Non-structural proteins

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032033281&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00227-2

DO - 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00227-2

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 9491499

AN - SCOPUS:0032033281

VL - 16

SP - 446

EP - 459

JO - Vaccine

JF - Vaccine

SN - 0264-410X

IS - 5

ER -